The precise source of HIV is not known as yet, but quite a few scientists say that a kind of virus, called the 'SIVcpz that is Simian Immunodeficiency Virus from chimps' which used to be and is even now found in the chimpanzees found in a few places in Africa.

Causes of HIV:

The spread of HIV inside the body is in such a way that the virus splits the inherent cryptogram of the cells which are utilised by the immune system, especially cells called 'CD4 cells' and further utilizes the natural inherent matter in order to create replicas of itself. The body is able to create more of the'CD4' cells, but sooner or later the virus HIV would bring down the number of the 'CD4' cells to a very low level which in turn would end up in stopping the functioning of the immune system.

The spreading of the virus HIV outside the system is due to transmission of fluids from the body, like blood or semen. Thus this virus could be transmitted due to sexual intercourse, which would include even anal and oral sex. The risk of the transmission of HIV is there also in case of the sharing of needles while injecting illegal drugs. HIV can also be transmitted by the mother to the baby. But nowadays there are medications available wherein the possibility can be brought down. HIV is also transmitted by blood transfusions.

Symptoms of HIV:

The first stage of the infection is called the 'primary HIV infection'. The persons infected by this virus, about more than half of the people develop the symptoms, generally in about 15 to 45 days of the infection. The symptoms would comprise of pain in the joints, fever, muscle pain, sore throat, and swelling in the glands, getting tired out faster than usual and appearance of a spotty rash on the chest.

Generally the symptoms are quite mild and you would tend to link them to some other problem like fever or cold. These symptoms do not show any increment for a long period. This is called 'Asymptomatic HIV infection'.

This virus is internally growing and even damaging the immune system. If the virus is left and not treated, it in turn will bring down the number of the CD4 cells in the body to a very low level and this would cause the immune system to stop functioning. This damage caused to the immune system generally happening in over a period of ten years. This in turn would inexorably result in growing into a severe infection.

The symptoms of a severe infection would be, night sweats, dry cough, inexplicable loss of weight, high fever which would be enduringly long, vision would start getting blur, the mouth or the tongue would develop white spots, shortness in breath, constant diarrhea or even glands tend to swell up and this condition would continue for three or more months.

Treatment of HIV:

The first step would be getting referred to a HIV clinic and getting counseled. Then blood tests would be done regularly, these tests would be to keep a check on the viral load and the CD4 cell count. There is no vaccine or medication available which can cure HIV completely. But there are medications like HAART available in order to slow down the speed of the virus and also giving you a longer life span.

There are also various therapies done alone and also in combination with medication to give the sufferer a better life.